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Celebrating The Soul of Carnival

Fashion journalist Bruno Astuto reminiscences on the magic of Carnival and its infectious spirit.

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Fashion journalist and author Bruno Astuto in Rio de Janeiro. Photo by Leo Aversa.

"Rio is the sexiest city below the equator," says Bruno Astuto, a renowned Brazilian fashion journalist who’s welcomed celebrities and friends like Monica Bellucci and Quincy Jones to Rio during Carnival. Though Rio-born, Astuto was raised near the lush Tijuca forest. For as long as he can remember, he's been captivated by Carnival's vibrant energy, losing himself in the rhythms and colorful festivities that transform Rio into the world's most spectacular celebration each February.

Astuto’s earliest Carnival memories date back to his childhood, attending balls where children dressed as pirates, clowns, or sailors. The history of Carnival dates back to the 18th century, but it wasn’t until the beginning of the 20th century that Samba was first introduced in Brazil, and quickly became the sonic signature of the country. Typically, children’s Carnival experience starts with costumes before they progress to watching the samba school parades on television.

Samba dancers taking a break, Ipanema Beach, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Photo by Jag Images via Getty Images.

The 5-day Carnival celebration revolves around the exceptional samba performers who, despite limited practice time, deliver impeccable routines that mesmerize viewers with their radiant feathers and sparkling sequins. The processions unfold at the Sambadrome, an impressive 2,300ft pathway created in 1984 by the innovative architect Oscar Niemeyer. For each samba school's parade, there is complete freedom in thematic selection. Topics range from Brazilian historical narratives to futuristic concepts, or they might highlight various regions throughout the country. Among Rio residents, everyone maintains loyalty to a preferred samba school. Many adore Portela, a samba institution established in 1923 with more than 20 Carnival titles. "My personal favorite is Grande Rio," says Astuto. "I get goosebumps and tears in my eyes every time its percussion orchestra marches past the crowds."

The truly remarkable aspect of Carnival is its ability to extend beyond the performance venue, taking over the entire city, nation, and beyond with its incredible atmosphere. The stunning Carnival attire emerges from year-round artisanship in Rio's favelas and surrounding neighborhoods, where design concepts materialize into wearable creations. "These costumes represent an explosion of creativity and centuries-old craftsmanship—Brazil's true haute couture," says Astuto. Innovators such as Joãosinho Trinta transformed Carnival through their artistic genius, delivering storylines that skillfully combine culture, history, and imagination. "Carnival represents the greatest transmission of cultural technology in our history. It embodies Brazil's diversity, resilience, and creativity — a vibrant explosion of joy that unites people across all social divides," says Astuto. Undoubtedly, Astuto's passion lies with the samba schools. "You might think they're cliché, but I love clichés! I'm proud that Brazil's cliché is joy, color, creativity and resilience."

Samba dancers perform during the second day of the Samba Schools Parade within the Rio Carnival at the Sambodromo da Sapucai in Rio de Janeiro. Photo by Fabio Teixeira/Anadolu via Getty Images.

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